In accordance with the technical specifications manufacturing and delivery of permanent magnet structures for 3 different undulators of 2 m length for the light source PETRA III at DESY.

Undulators play a key role in the generation of synchrotron radiation; this leads to stringent requirements for manufacturing tolerances (µm-accuracy) and assembly in order to achieve the desired mechanical properties and magnetic performance. These devices will be installed in a storage ring tunnel and will be exposed to radiation during operation.

An undulator has a mechanical drive system which allows for adjustment of the gap between the magnet girders with µm-accuracy while magnetic forces of up to 3 tons are present.

The dye-pressed magnet material and pole material for the magnet structure have strict specifications of their magnetic properties and mechanical tolerances which need entirely to be documented. The tight manufacturing tolerances relate to the required functional accuracy and need to be explicitly inspected and documented after certain manufacturing steps, e.g. check of all reference dimensions on a CMM. All magnetic measurements require calibrated equipment.