The scope of the assignment is to identify the most challenging current and future problems relevant to people in low income countries and populations, and what current and future research areas will be most effective to solve them. Further to identify the key research actors that are best placed to take on the task and funders who are and/or will be financing them. The assignment is limited to the social sciences and humanities, and natural science and technology and health sciences. The assignment will be carried out in two steps.